After three years in the QMJHL, Roberge split his 1985-86 season with the Riviere-du-Loup 3 L's of the RHL and the St. John's Capitals of the Newfoundland Senior Hockey League before joining the Virginia Lancers of the Atlantic Coast Hockey League.

Never known as offensive threat, Roberge racked up 353 minutes in penalties in his only season with the Lancers before returning to the Newfoundland Senior Hockey League with the Port aux Basques Mariners where he played in a handful of games. Midway through the 1987-88 season, the Montreal Canadiens signed Roberge as a free agent and assigned him to their affiliate team in the American Hockey League in Sherbrooke.

After three seasons in Sherbrooke, the Quebec Nordiques signed Roberge as a free agent and assigned him to their AHL affiliate in Halifax. Even though he spent the majority of the 1990-91 season in Halifax, Roberge played his first NHL game during that same season. In nine games with the Nordiques, Serge Roberge was held pointless but not off the score sheet, accumulating 24 penalty minutes.

The 1990-91 season was Serge Roberge's only appearance in the NHL, as he returned to the American Hockey League with Halifax in 1991-92 before stops in Utica, Cape Breton, Cornwall, Rochester and Fredericton. During the off season in 1994, Roberge suited up for the Las Vegas Flash and Montreal Roadrunners of the Roller Hockey International and would rejoin the Roadrunners in 1997.

Serge Roberge became a member of the International Hockey League's Quebec Rafales in 1996-97 where he spent two years before joining Pont-Rouge Grand Portneuf in the Quebec Semi-Pro Hockey League where he played in only a handful games. Following his brief stint the QSPHL, Roberge signed with the Mohawk Valley Prowlers of the United Hockey League where he returned to in 99-2000 before ending his season back in the QSHL with the Beaupre Caron & Guay.

Throughout his career, Serge Roberge has played in nine NHL games scoring no points while accumulating 24 penalty minutes.